This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Initially dominated by Mensheviks and Socialist-Revolutionaries, the Executive Committee determined its main purpose to be the defense of “democracy” for which it extended support to the “bourgeois” Provisional Government on a conditional basis. Bolsheviks, Mensheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries confronted the army and convinced them to stand down. As more and more troops deserted, and with loyal troops away at the Front, the city fell into a state of chaos, leading to the overthrow of the Tsar. [citation needed], This article is about 1917 revolution in Russia. The revolution was provoked not only by Russian military failures during the First World War,[4] but also by public dissatisfaction with the way the country was being run on the Home Front by Tsarina Alexandra Fyodorovna of Hesse and Tsar Nicholas's ministers. The Provisional Government was an alliance between liberals and socialists who wanted political reform. [29] Although the details remain sketchy, Kerensky appeared to become frightened by the possibility of a coup and the order was countermanded (historian Richard Pipes is quite adamant that the whole episode was engineered by Kerensky himself[30]). Did The British Agricultural Revolution Lead To The Industrial Revolution? Daily and weekly Tarot readings, Meditations, and courses on spiritual topics and transformation. Initially, neither Lenin nor his ideas had widespread support, even among Bolsheviks. On the other hand, the Provisional Government chafed at not having absolute control over all aspects of the government, and made many attempts to convince the Petrograd Soviet to join with the Provisional Government. [9], In an attempt to boost morale and to repair his own reputation of being a weak ruler, Nicholas announced in the summer of 1915 that he would become the new Commander-in-Chief of the army, in defiance of almost universal advice to the contrary. These conditions led to considerable agitation among the small working and professional classes. The February Revolution (Russian: Февра́льская револю́ция, IPA: [fʲɪvˈralʲskəjə rʲɪvɐˈlʲutsɨjə]), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution, was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917.. [31] The damage was already done, however. The working class was demanding better working and living conditions, the peasants were demanding more land, and the oppressed wanted freedom. Students, white-collar workers and teachers joined the workers in the streets and at public meetings. Between February and April, the Provisional Government, which replaced the Tsar, cooperated grudgingly with the Petrograd Soviet. At the same time, socialists also formed the Petrograd Soviet, which ruled alongside the Provisional Government, an arrangement termed Dual Power. Russia had been suffering from a number of economic and social problems, which were compounded by the impact of World War I. February 23. International Women’s Day demonstration in Petrograd. In addition, the Cossack units that the government had come to rely on for crowd control, began to show signs that they supported the people. On March 2 the provisional committee of the State Duma, consisting of leading moderate and liberal politicians, declared itself a Provisional Government. Page 1 Page 2 Events; February 22, 1917. Soviets soon emerged in other cities and eventually in rural areas as well. Chief among these was Imperial Russia's failure, throughout the 19th and early 20th century, to modernize its archaic social, economic and political structures whilst maintaining the stability of ubiquitous devotion to an autocratic monarch. Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. [27] In what became known as the July Days, approximately half a million came out onto the streets of Petrograd in protest, including soldiers and sailors; Lenin proved incapable of directing them into an organised coup.

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