If she died while married to him, her realms could fall under French control. [6] After the death of her first husband she married the courtier Sir John Carey in 1538. [48] Cecil was more circumspect and advised a policy of mediation, a policy that Elizabeth endorsed. During the English Civil War, he was a Royalist Commander. The nickname "Moor" perhaps derived from his complexion, Walsingham's spy signed his reports "Henry Fagot". [101] Mary's reply was clearly encouraging and sanctioned Babington's plans. 14 April 1595, d. 7 May 1596), Dorothy (b. c.20 Dec 1600), later Lady Shirley, Margaret/Mary m. Hon. [137] Walsingham's surviving daughter Frances received a £300 annuity,[136] and married the Earl of Essex. The duties of the principal secretary were not defined formally, but as he handled all royal correspondence and determined the agenda of council meetings, he could wield great influence in all matters of policy and in every field of government, both foreign and domestic. [35] Stafford, who was compromised by his gambling debts, was in the pay of the Spanish and passed vital information to Spain. [30], The Huguenots and other European Protestant interests supported the nascent revolt in the Spanish Netherlands, which were provinces of Habsburg Spain. [40], The duties of the principal secretary were not defined formally,[41] but as he handled all royal correspondence and determined the agenda of council meetings, he could wield great influence in all matters of policy and in every field of government, both foreign and domestic. [77], Walsingham was driven by Protestant zeal to counter Catholicism,[78] and sanctioned the use of torture against Catholic priests and suspected conspirators. [118] The Spanish Armada sailed for England in July 1588. [59][c], These were years of tension in policy towards France, with Walsingham sceptical of the unpredictable Henry III and distrustful of the English ambassador in Paris, Edward Stafford. 173–175, Cooper, pp. Nothing remains of any of his houses. [66] James VI dismissed Walsingham's advice on domestic policy saying he was an "absolute King" in Scotland. [15] In January 1562 he married Anne, daughter of Sir George Barne, Lord Mayor of London in 1552–3, and widow of wine merchant Alexander Carleill. [35], Closely linked to the mercantile community, he actively supported trade promotion schemes and invested in the Muscovy Company and the Levant Company. It will enhance any encyclopedic page you visit with the magic of the WIKI 2 technology. She brought his body back to England, where he was given a hero's funeral, but miscarried their child. [4] Carey's brother William was the husband of Mary Boleyn, the elder sister of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII. [45] Walsingham was among the promoters of Francis Drake's profitable 1578–1581 circumnavigation of the world, correctly judging that Spanish possessions in the Pacific were vulnerable to attack. [122] While foreign intelligence was a normal part of the principal secretary's activities, Walsingham brought to it flair and ambition, and large sums of his own money. Frances Walsingham (also Frances Sidney; Frances Devereux, Countess of Essex; Frances De Burgh (or Burke), Countess of St. Albans and Clanricarde) 1569 - 13 February 1631) was an English countess during the Tudor and Stuart periods. [108] Walsingham wrote to Paulet urging him to find "some way to shorten the life" of Mary to relieve Elizabeth of the burden,[109] to which Paulet replied indignantly, "God forbid that I should make so foul a shipwreck of my conscience, or leave so great a blot to my poor posterity, to shed blood without law or warrant. Davison was arrested and imprisoned in the Tower of London. Later that year, he succeeded Sir Henry Norris as English ambassador in Paris. [154] Rush reprised the role in the 2007 sequel, Elizabeth: The Golden Age. Charles Nicholl examined (and rejected) such theories in The Reckoning: The Murder of Christopher Marlowe (1992), which was used as a source by Anthony Burgess for his novel A Dead Man in Deptford (1993). 183–194; Wilson, pp. During the English Civil War, he was a Royalist Commander. 135, 139, Cooper, pp. 3 - Secret Teachings, Seventeenth-century engraving of Queen Elizabeth with William Cecil (left) and Francis Walsingham (right).

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