Geografía del Estado de Guerrero y síntesis histórica 1959. [679] His work marked the start of the local production of movies. [402] Census data from 2015 found that about 79.53% of the population professed Catholicism. [693][694][695] Sabong or cockfighting is another popular entertainment especially among Filipino men, and was documented by Magellan's voyage as a pastime in the kingdom of Taytay. [437], The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) lists 2,180 higher education institutions, among which 607 are public and 1,573 are private. [457] There is a significant amount of corruption in the Philippines,[458][459][460] which some historians attribute to the system of governance put in place during the Spanish colonial period. Easily seen from one of the many virtually untouched beaches, Mount Hibok-Hibok last erupted in 1951. The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 — Volume 12 of 55 eBook The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898 — Volume 12 of 55. "They received in great disgust the arrival of peninsular officers as reinforcements, partly because they supposed they would be shoved aside in the promotions and partly because of racial antagonisms.". The Philippines also emerged as a regional leader in education during the late 20th century, with a well-established public school and university system, and by the early 21st century the country had one of the highest literacy rates in Asia. [445], In 2004, madaris were mainstreamed in 16 regions nationwide, mainly in Muslim areas in Mindanao under the auspices and program of the Department of Education. The islands are composed primarily of volcanic rock and coral, but all principal rock formations are present. [390] Filipino is a standardized version of Tagalog, spoken mainly in Metro Manila. [150][151], Revolutionary sentiments were stoked in 1872 after three activist Catholic priests were accused of sedition and executed. Farther west the Butig Mountains trend northwestward from the northeastern edge of the Moro Gulf. [156] On December 30, 1896, the Spanish ordered the execution of Rizal on charges of rebellion. [297], The longest river is the Cagayan River in northern Luzon, measuring about 520 kilometres (320 mi). [365] There is some uncertainty over the origin of this Austronesian speaking population, with it being likely that ancestors related to Taiwanese aborigines brought their language and mixed with existing populations in the area. With an estimated 13,500 plant species in the country, 3,200 of which are unique to the islands, Philippine rainforests boast an array of flora, including many rare types of orchids and rafflesia. Tremors and earthquakes are common. Apo Reef National Park, on the island’s western coast, is a highlight. [685] The national martial art and sport of the country is Arnis. Various tribes roamed the islands until small kingdoms began establishing roots during the first millennium. The Philippines is made up of 7,107 islands, totaling about 117,187 square miles. The end displays the paired bamboo poles crossing each other. [64] The early polities of the Philippine archipelago were typically characterized by a three-tier social structure: a nobility class, a class of "freemen", and a class of dependent debtor-bondsmen.

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