First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell surface primarily due to the presence of mycolic acid.This coating makes the cells impervious to Gram staining, and as a result, M. tuberculosis can … It should be borne in mind that there are three circumstances: The examination and physical examination allow only to suspect tuberculosis. A large share of smokers among tuberculosis patients determines the prevalence of concomitant COPD, which can affect the frequency and severity of expiratory dyspnea, and requires differential diagnosis. In these cases, dyspnea is markedly increased. Dyspnea is often the first and the main symptom of such complications of pulmonary tuberculosis, as spontaneous pneumothorax, atelectasis of the lobe or the entire lung, pulmonary embolism of the pulmonary artery. The iLive portal does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The information published on the portal is for reference only and should not be used without consulting a specialist. Hemoptysis (pulmonary hemorrhage) is more often observed with infiltrative, fibrous-cavernous and cirrhotic pulmonary tuberculosis. Paracetamol and alcohol: why joint use is dangerous? All persons with symptoms of TB disease, or either a positive TST or IGRA indicative of . Cough with tuberculosis can also be caused by chronic non-specific bronchitis or bronchiectasias accompanying tuberculosis. It is better performed over the sites of the compressed lung with infiltrative and cirrhotic tuberculosis, over a large cavern with a wide draining bronchus. The marked sweating (a symptom of a "wet pillow") in the form of profuse sweat occurs with caseous pneumonia, miliary tuberculosis, other severe and complicated forms of tuberculosis, as well as with nonspecific acute infectious diseases and exacerbations of chronic inflammatory processes. An increase in body temperature (fever) is a typical clinical symptom of infectious and many non-infectious diseases. After the disintegration of the lung tissue, the amount of sputum increases. However, inspection is always necessary. One of the reasons for this is the obstruction of the bronchi, draining the affected area with dense caseous-necrotic masses. Patients with tuberculosis in the early stages of the disease often note increased sweating on the head and chest at night or in the morning. Copyright © 2011 - 2020 iLive. The localization of pain usually corresponds to the projection of the affected part of the lung to the chest wall. Hemoptysis is also observed in chronic bronchitis, nonspecific inflammatory, neoplastic and other diseases of the thoracic organs. Note that the numbers in parentheses ([1], [2], etc.) Early manifestations of tuberculosis intoxication may include symptoms of tuberculosis, such as weakness, fatigue, impaired appetite, weight loss, irritability, decreased efficiency. It can be dry (unproductive) and with sputum (productive). It increases with coughing and deep breathing, pressing on the chest wall and, depending on the localization of inflammation, can be irradiated to the epigastric or lumbar region. Assess the level of culture of the patient. With neoplasm of the lung, the pain in the chest is constant and can gradually increase. The patient is asked about the time of the onset of symptoms and their dynamics, previously transferred diseases, injuries, operations. Hectic fever is characteristic of acute progressive and severe tubercular lesions (miliary tuberculosis, caseous pneumonia, pleural empyema). Especially often dry paroxysmal cough occurs with bronchial tuberculosis. Percussion makes it possible to detect relatively gross changes in the lungs and thorax with infiltrative or cirrhotic lesions of the lobar character, pleural fibrosis.
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