In May 1882 The Bartered Bride was given its 100th performance, an unprecedented event in the history of Czech opera. 48–49) that this pension was withheld from time to time, causing Smetana much financial hardship. [101] Tests carried out by Prof. Emanuel Vlček in the late 20th century on samples of muscular tissue from Smetana's exhumed body provided further evidence of the disease. Im Sommer desselben Jahres verlobte er sich mit Bettina Ferdinandová, einer Schwägerin seines Bruders Karel, und heiratete sie im Juli 1860. His skills as a pianist were in great demand at the town's many soirées, and he enjoyed a hectic social life. [6] Smetana was placed temporarily with his uncle in Nové Město, where he enjoyed a brief romance with his cousin Louisa. [67][71] The quality of Smetana's production of Glinka's A Life for the Tsar angered Glinka's champion Mily Balakirev, who expressed himself forcefully. [47], Meanwhile, the defeat of Franz Joseph's army at Solferino in 1859 had weakened the Habsburg Empire, and led to the fall from power of Baron von Bach. Články v kategorii „Opery Bedřicha Smetany“ Zobrazuje se 9 stránek z celkového počtu 9 stránek v této kategorii. On 16 May 1868 Smetana, representing Czech musicians, helped to lay the foundation stone for the future National Theatre;[70] he had written a Festive Overture for the occasion. [114] Smetana's choral music is generally nationalistic in character, ranging in scale from the short Ceremonial Chorus written after the death of the composer's revolutionary friend Havlíček, to the setting of Song of the Sea, a substantial work with the character of a choral drama. The couple's first daughter, Zdeňka, was born in September 1861. [60] In March of that year Smetana was elected president of the music section of Umělecká Beseda, a society for Czech artists. At a concert held in Litomyšl's Philosophical Academy he played a piano arrangement of Auber's overture to La muette de Portici, to a rapturous reception. In January 1873 he was reappointed, with a bigger salary and increased responsibility as Artistic Director. [115], Towards the end of his life Smetana returned to simple song-writing, with five Evening Songs (1879) to words by the poet Vítězslav Hálek. His contributions to Czech music were increasingly recognised and honoured, but a mental collapse early in 1884 led to his incarceration in an asylum and subsequent death. [58] To overcome these linguistic deficiencies he studied Czech grammar, and made a point of writing and speaking in Czech every day. In that same year, Smetana became the theatre's principal conductor, but the years of his conductorship were marked by controversy. He had set high hopes on this appointment: "My friends are trying to persuade me that this post might have been especially created for me," he wrote to a Swedish friend. - Libuše (1869–1872, premiéra 1881) [55] "I was called on stage nine times," Smetana wrote, recording that the house was sold out and that the critics were full of praise. 12. - Braniboři v Čechách (1862–1863, premiéra 1866) [9][10] In 1831 the family moved to Jindřichův Hradec in the south of Bohemia—the region where, a generation later, Gustav Mahler grew up. He attended concerts, visited the opera, listened to military bands and joined an amateur string quartet for whom he composed simple pieces. The first, from 1875, was entitled Dreams. In June 1876 he, Bettina, and their two daughters left Prague for Jabkenice, the home of his eldest daughter Žofie where, in tranquil surroundings, Smetana was able to work undisturbed. Smetana komponierte auch für mehrere Klaviere zu 4, 8 und 16 Händen. - Viola – jen fragment (1872–1884) Tisíce slavnostně ustrojených lidí, hudba, alegorické vozy. Im Jahre 1874 erkrankte Smetana, ertaubte und zog sich aus der Öffentlichkeit weitgehend zurück. Der neue Aufschwung führte 1861 zur Gründung des patriotischen Gesangvereins Hlahol, den er von 1863 bis 1865 leitete. [40], Back in Sweden, Smetana found among his new pupils a young housewife, Fröjda Benecke, who briefly became his muse and his mistress. In June, Smetana's father František died. Bedřich Smetana (/ˌbɛdərʒɪx ˈsmɛtənə/ BED-ər-zhikh SMET-ə-nə,[1][2][3] Czech: [ˈbɛdr̝ɪx smɛ'tana] (listen); 2 March 1824 – 12 May 1884) was a Czech composer who pioneered the development of a musical style that became closely identified with his country's aspirations to independent statehood. On 11 October 1856, after writing to his parents that "Prague did not wish to acknowledge me, so I left it", he departed for Gothenburg. [8] Smetana saw this as an opportunity to write and stage opera that would reflect Czech national character, similar to the portrayals of Russian life in Mikhail Glinka's operas. - Hubička (1875–1876, premiéra 1876) Hier traf er den berühmten Violinisten Ferdinand Laub, mit dem er gemeinsame Konzerte veranstaltete. It was well received in Gothenburg in 1860,[127] and a revised version was performed in Prague in 1882, without the "triumphal" tag, under Adolf Čech. In April 1863 he submitted the score, under the title of The Brandenburgers in Bohemia. In July 1854 his second daughter, Gabriela, died of tuberculosis. [16][19] In August 1843 Smetana departed for Prague with twenty gulden,[21][22] and no immediate prospects. Es sind zahlreiche Klavierkompositionen, vor allem aus den früheren Jahren, erhalten, die die Virtuosität von Smetana belegen. [87] "I cannot live under the same roof as a person who hates and persecutes me," Smetana informed her. [36], In the years between 1854 and 1856 Smetana suffered a series of personal blows. Smetana's visit to Liszt at Weimar in the summer of 1857, where he heard the latter's Faust Symphony and Die Ideale, caused a material reorientation of Smetana's orchestral music. The music critic Otakar Hostinský believed that Wagner's theories should be the basis of the national opera, and argued that Dalibor was the beginning of the "correct" direction. [135] In his mission to create a new canon, rather than using traditional folksong Smetana turned to the popular dance music of his youth, especially the polka, to establish his link with the vernacular. [24] In 1846 Smetana attended concerts given in Prague by Berlioz, and in all likelihood met the French composer at a reception arranged by Proksch. [142] Smetana himself was later inclined to disparage his achievement: "The Bartered Bride was merely child's play, written straight off the reel". Smetana's reputation as the founding father of Czech music has endured in his native country, where advocates have raised his status above that of his contemporaries and successors. [15][47] Before deciding his own future, in September he set out on a concert tour of the Netherlands and Germany. [25] He also began work on his first major orchestral work, the Overture in D major. [3], Im Zuge der Entstehung der Festoper Libusa entstand auch der Zyklus sinfonischer Dichtungen Mein Vaterland (Má Vlast). He also studied violin and piano, discovering the works of Mozart and Beethoven, and began composing simple pieces, of which one, a dance (Kvapiček, or "Little Galop"), survives in sketch form. [94][95] Shortly after this event the new theatre was destroyed by fire; despite his infirmities, Smetana helped to raise funds for the rebuilding. September 2020 um 10:07 Uhr bearbeitet. Díky tomuto úspěchu se v roce 1866 stal dirigentem orchestru Prozatímního divadla. Všichni chtěli být přítomni slavnostnímu položení základního kamene Národního divadla.… více, 27. Bedřich Smetana v našich článcích. [48], Kateřina's health gradually worsened and in the spring of 1859 failed completely. Ein Konzert Franz Liszts in Prag hatte ihn so begeistert, dass er darüber die Schule vergaß. o nás | [117] The Piano Trio in G minor of 1855 was composed after the death of his daughter Bedřiška; its style is close to that of Robert Schumann, with hints of Liszt, and the overall tone is elegiac. [98] He started a new opera, Viola, based on the character in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night,[99] but wrote only fragments as his mental state gradually deteriorated. As a member of Svornost, Smetana helped to man the barricades on the Charles Bridge. [58] But his opponents continued to attack him, comparing his conductorship unfavourably with the Maýr regime and claiming that under Smetana "Czech opera sickens to death at least once annually. [6], The Smetana family came from the Hradec Králové (German: Königgrätz) region of Bohemia. Také poukazuje na problémy české hudby.… více, 10. Large, p. 374, from an undated letter to Bettina, See Large, pp. Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950, Literatur und andere Medien von und über Bedřich Smetana, Nationalbibliothek der Tschechischen Republik, International Music Score Library Project, Passagierschiff wird durchs Mühlviertel transportiert, Kompletter Satz für ein Sinfonieorchester des Stückes Moldau, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bedřich_Smetana&oldid=204053424, Person als Namensgeber für einen Asteroiden, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“, Der sechsteilige Zyklus sinfonischer Dichtungen, Salonpolkas (Louisa, Bettina, Jiřinková…), 2 Serien von Böhmischen Tänzen (Pianistisch anspruchsvolle Stilisierungen), Choralbearbeitung „Gott sei uns gnädig und barmherzig“ (1845).

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