[94][95], In the 1950s some American films were made that featured brainwashing of POWs, including The Rack, The Bamboo Prison, Toward the Unknown, and The Fearmakers. In addition to interviews with 25 Americans and Europeans, Lifton interviewed 15 Chinese citizens who had fled after having been subjected to indoctrination in Chinese universities. Orwell's vision influenced Hunter and is still reflected in the popular understanding of the concept of brainwashing. [85] Some reviewers praised the book for its clear presentation, while others criticized it for oversimplification. Brainwashing definition, a method for systematically changing attitudes or altering beliefs, originated in totalitarian countries, especially through the use of torture, … It has also been raised in child custody cases. In 1975, she was arrested and charged with bank robbery and use of a gun in committing a felony. The best defense is educating children about the dangers of manipulative people and the techniques they use. A comparison between strategies used on prisoners of war and battered wives. [73] It came to the following conclusion:[74]. ‘Not Just Washed but Dry-Cleaned’: Korea and the ‘Brainwashing’ Scare of the 1950s. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Conservatorship is a legal concept in the United States that grants a responsible person custody over another adult who cannot care for herself or himself, either financially and/or in daily life, due to physical and/or mental limitations. ", "Unification Church founder Rev. And in the end courts, including in Israel, rejected expert witnesses who claimed there is "brainwashing. Joost Meerloo, a Dutch psychiatrist, was an early proponent of the concept of brainwashing. The use of brainwashing theories in conservatorship cases was deemed inadmissible as a result of the Katz v. Superior Court (1977) ruling. [12] British radio operator Robert W. Ford[13][14] and British army Colonel James Carne also claimed that the Chinese subjected them to brainwashing techniques during their imprisonment. Brainwashing (also known as mind control, menticide, coercive persuasion, thought control, thought reform, and re-education) is the concept that the human mind can be altered or controlled by certain psychological techniques. "[35], Italy has had controversy over the concept of plagio, a crime consisting in an absolute psychological—and eventually physical—domination of a person. The Ulster depth interrogation techniques and their relation to sensory deprivation research. "[103], Media related to Brainwashing at Wikimedia Commons, Several terms redirect here. [48], Philip Zimbardo defined mind control by religious cults as "the process by which individual or collective freedom of choice and action is compromised by agents or agencies that modify or distort perception, motivation, affect, cognition or behavioral outcomes,"[49] and he suggested that any human being is susceptible to such manipulation.

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