East of the Yeşil the system is higher, narrower, and steeper. In ancient Greek , the mountains were called the Paryadres or … The Greeks, who spoke a closely related Indo-European tongue, followed them along the coast. Calories. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Kazakh Steppe bounds the Pontic steppe to the east. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Planner; Trip Cost; Itinerary. Thus, this Persian dynasty managed to survive and prosper in the Hellenistic world while the main Persian Empire had fallen. [5], Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests. The name was applied to the coastal region and its mountainous hinterland (rising to the Pontic Alps in the east) by the Greeks who colonized the area in the Archaic period and derived from the Greek name of the Black Sea: Εύξεινος Πόντος (Eúxinos Póntos), "Hospitable Sea" , or simply Pontos (ὁ Πόντος) as early as the Aeschylean Persians (472 BC) and Herodotus' Histories (c. 440 BC). The Pontic Mountains or Pontic Alps (Turkish: Kuzey Anadolu Dağları, meaning North Anatolian Mountains) form a mountain range in northern Anatolia, Turkey.They are also known as the Parhar Mountains in the local Turkish and Pontic Greek languages. (also known as the Northern Anatolian Mountains), a mountain system in northern Turkey, extending along the Black Sea from west to east for approximately 1,000 km with widths up to 130 km. The Ottoman Empire at its greatest extent. The system as a whole is referred to as the Pontic Mountains (Doğukaradeniz Dağları). In the eastern third of the country, the northern and southern fold systems converge to produce an extensive area of predominantly mountainous terrain, with pockets of relatively level land confined to valleys and enclosed basins, as are found around Malatya, Elazığ, and Muş. [19], With the subjection of this kingdom by Pompey in 64 BC, in which little changed in the structuring of life, neither for the oligarchies that controlled the cities nor for the common people in city or hinterland, the meaning of the name Pontus underwent a change. A lively and informative new podcast for kids that the whole family will enjoy! Separated by the narrow trough of the Kelkit and Çoruh river valleys stands a second ridge that rises above 8,000 feet (2,400 metres). In ancient Greek, the mountains were called the Paryadres or Parihedri Mountains. The steppe extends to the western shore of the Caspian Sea in the Dagestan region of Russia, but the drier Caspian lowland desert lies between the Pontic steppe and the northwestern and northern shores of the Caspian. The range reaches a height of 12,900 feet (3,932 m) and makes a gentle double bend, reflected in the outline of the southern shore of the Black Sea. [12], By the 6th century BC, Pontus had become officially a part of the Achaemenid Empire, which probably meant that the local Greek colonies were paying tribute to the Persians. One of his students was the early Armenian scholar Anania of Shirak.[20]. [17] The eastern half of the old kingdom was administered as a client kingdom together with Colchis. In ancient Greek, the mountains were called the Paryadres or … [10], Since there was so little literacy in northeastern Anatolia until the Persian and Hellenistic era, one can only speculate as to the other languages spoken here. The Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests is an ecoregion which covers most of the range, while the Caucasus mixed forests extend across the far-eastern end of the range, known as the Kaçkar Mountains. There crest lines are often above 8,000 feet (2,400 metres), and several peaks exceed 11,000 feet (3,400 metres). [13], The peoples of this part of northern Asia Minor were incorporated into the third and nineteenth satrapies of the Persian empire. Across several millennia the steppe was used by numerous tribes of nomadic horsemen, many of which went on to conquer lands in the settled regions of Europe, Western Asia, and Southern Asia. 66, 70); and he appointed “satraps” (a Persian title) as his provincial governors. [24] Many of the Islamized Greeks continued speaking their language, known for its unique preservation of characteristics of Ancient Greek and still today there are some in the Of valley that still speak the local Ophitic dialect. The Pontic Mountains or Pontic Alps (Turkish: Kuzey Anadolu Dağları, meaning North Anatolian Mountains) form a mountain range in northern Anatolia, Turkey.They are also known as the Parhar Mountains in the local Turkish and Pontic Greek languages. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. [4], The Anatolian Plateau, which lies south of the range, has a considerably drier and more continental climate than the humid and mild coast. Pontic Mountains. [8], The first travels of Greek merchants and adventurers to the Pontus region occurred probably from around 1000 BC, whereas their settlements would become steady and solidified cities only by the 8th and 7th centuries BC as archaeological findings document. The mountain system falls into two main parts. CO2 Emission. Old maps of Pontic Mountains on Old Maps Online. [14] Iranian influence ran deep, illustrated most famously by the temple of the Persian deities Anaitis, Omanes, and Anadatos at Zela, founded by victorious Persian generals in the 6th century BCE.[15]. Cove on a port along the coast of the Black Sea, Amasra, Turkey. [1] In ancient Greek, the mountains were called the Paryadres[2] or Parihedri Mountains.[3]. But at the same time some valleys inhabited by Greeks converted voluntarily, most notably those in the Of valley. Its last king was Polemon II. Turkey, country that occupies a unique geographic position, lying partly in Asia and partly in Europe.

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