The NRA and the Gun Owners of America say that the treaty is an attempt to circumvent the Second Amendment and similar guarantees in state constitutions in order to impose domestic gun regulations.[32]. But today I do not speak to the arms manufacturers, but rather to the leaders of humanity, who have the responsibility to put principles before profits, and enable the promise of a future in which, finally, we can sleep peacefully. This page was last edited on 23 September 2020, at 11:20. [30] From a civil society point of view, groups concerned about national sovereignty or individual rights to armed defense have been negative of the ATT. The original idea was to establish ethical standards for the arms trade that would eventually be adopted by the international community. Map showing which states have signed or ratified the Treaty. all transactions—including those by dealers and brokers, and those providing technical assistance, training, transport, storage, finance, and security. That is gun registration. Human Rights Council Resolution: Impact of arms transfers on human rights in armed conflicts, The impact of poorly regulated arms transfers on the work of the United Nations (UNODA Occasional Paper No. Tools and guidelines to implement the Arms Trade Treaty and UN Programme of Action (WILPF), Promoting gender equality in the implementation of the Arms Trade Treaty (WILPF), Gender-based Violence and the Arms Trade Treaty (Reaching Critical Will), Transparent reporting for a successful Arms Trade Treaty (BICC), National implementation of the proposed Arms Trade Treaty: a practical guide (Oxfam), The Arms Trade Treaty (2013) (Geneva Academy), The Arms Trade Treaty Baseline Assessment Project (ATT-BAP) (Stimson Centre), Learn more about the Impact of Poorly Regulated Arms Transfers on the Work of the United Nations. North Korea, Iran, and Syria voted in opposition. In that year, Arias led a group of Nobel Peace Prize laureates in a meeting in New York to offer the world a code of conduct for the trade in arms. The UN Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) has the ambitious aim of responding to international concern that the $70 billion a year trade in conventional weapons leaves a trail of atrocities in its wake. Peace continues to be a step further away. In 2001, the process continued with the adoption of a non-legally binding program of action at the United Nations Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms. ... More on the arms trade and the UN Arms Trade Treaty. provide guidelines for the treaty's full, clear implementation; ensure transparency—including full annual reports of national arms transfers; have an effective mechanism to monitor compliance; include a comprehensive framework for international cooperation and assistance. It must be workable and enforceable. [9], The roots of what is known today as the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) can be traced back to the late 1980s, when civil society actors and Nobel Peace Prize Laureates voiced their concerns about the unregulated nature of the global arms trade and its impact on human security.[10]. 23). Serbia provisionally applied the convention on the date of its signature. This state provisionally applied the treaty as of the date of its ratification or accession; the treaty formally entered into force for the state on 24 December 2014. The group met three times in 2008, and published a final report on the issue.[17][18][19]. [34], International non-government and human rights organizations including Amnesty International, Oxfam, the Arias Foundation for Peace and Human Progress, Saferworld, and the International Action Network on Small Arms (who lead the Control Arms Campaign) have developed analysis on what an effective ATT would look like.[35]. This program was formally called the "Programme of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects" (PoA).[11]. favorite, "Strengthening the protection of civilians from conventional weapons is an urgent necessity." [2] It entered into force on 24 December 2014, 90 days after the date of the 50th ratification. [2], The ATT is an attempt to regulate the international trade of conventional weapons for the purpose of contributing to international and regional peace; reducing human suffering; and promoting co-operation, transparency, and responsible action by and among states. On its 40th anniversary, @UN Disarmament HR @INakamitsu recalls the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons #CCWUN as a dynamic tool to promote humanitarian approaches to disarmament. Nuclear and conventional weapons still exist despite the promises. Donald Trump has announced that the US will withdraw its support for a United Nations treaty regulating the multibillion-dollar global arms trade.. Welcome to the United Nations. The roots of what is known today as the Arms Trade Treaty can be traced back to the late 1980s, when civil society actors and Nobel Peace Prize Laureates voiced their concerns about the unregulated nature of the global arms trade and its impact on human security. These groups include the National Rifle Association (NRA), the National Shooting Sports Foundation, the Second Amendment Foundation,[31] and The Heritage Foundation. One of the largest sources of civil opposition to the ATT has come from the Institute for Legislative Action (ILA), which is the lobbying arm of the NRA. [2], A further 32 states have signed but not ratified the treaty:[2]. [16], Resolution 61/89 also requested the Secretary-General to establish a group of governmental experts, on the basis of equitable geographical distribution, to examine the feasibility, scope, and draft parameters for such a legal instrument, and to transmit the report of the group of experts to the General Assembly for consideration at its sixty-third session. After the vote, Algeria indicated that the effort must receive broad-based support from states and be based on the principles of the UN Charter. This group included Elie Wiesel, Betty Williams, the Dalai Lama, José Ramos-Horta, representatives of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Amnesty International, and the American Friends Service Committee. entering into the United Nations Arms Trade Treaty. In July 2012, ILA stated that: Anti-gun treaty proponents continue to mislead the public, claiming the treaty would have no impact on American gun owners. [26], Advocates of the treaty say that it only pertains to international arms trade, and would have no effect on current domestic laws. The most vocal and organized civil society groups opposing aspects of the ATT originated from the United States. Ideally, that means limiting the inflow of deadly weapons into places like Syria. [5] As it was not possible to reach an agreement on a final text at that time, a new meeting for the conference was scheduled for 18–28 March 2013. It entered into force on 24 December 2014. [15], Responding to procedural concerns that were not resolved before the final draft of the resolution, the UK said the aim of the initiative was to start a discussion on the feasibility and draft parameters of an Arms Trade Treaty, and that "agnostic" states would have a clear opportunity to engage in the process. [3][4], The treaty was negotiated in New York City at a global conference under the auspices of the United Nations (UN) from 2–27 July 2012. The resolution explicitly states that it is "the exclusive right of States to regulate internal transfers of arms and national ownership, including through constitutional protections on private ownership. [13], In December 2006, 153 member states voted in favour of the resolution. ET. In other words, if you bought a Beretta Shotgun, you would be an "end user" and the U.S. government would have to keep a record of you and notify the Italian government about your purchase. In that same year, an Open-ended Working Group—open to all States—held two meetings on an arms trade treaty. The Arms Trade Treaty was approved by the UN General Assembly on 2 April 2013 Inadequate controls on arms transfers have led to widespread availability and misuse of weapons. Later put forward in 2003 by a group of Nobel Peace Laureates, the ATT was first addressed in the UN in December 2006 when the General Assembly adopted resolution 61/89 "Towards an Arms Trade Treaty: establishing common international standards for the import, export and transfer of conventional arms". It did not formally enter into force for Serbia until 24 December 2014. (Geneva Academy), Practical guide: applying sustainable development to arms-transfer decisions (Oxfam), How joining the Arms Trade Treaty can help advance development goals (Chatham House), The Defence Industry, Investors and the Arms Trade Treaty (Chatham House), Preventing gender-based violence through arms control. The decision was influenced by the change in position of the United States (the largest arms producer[21] and only country voting against resolution 61/89), which took place upon a change in leadership from George W. Bush to Barack Obama, on the condition they were "under the rule of consensus decision-making needed to ensure that all countries can be held to standards that will actually improve the global situation. [7][8], International weapons commerce has been estimated to reach US$70 billion a year. As of August 2020, 109 states have ratified or acceded to the ATT,[2] including five of the world's top 10 arms producers (France, Germany, Spain, China, the United Kingdom and Italy). "[12]:90, On 18 December 2006, UK Ambassador for Multilateral Arms Control and Disarmament John Duncan formally introduced resolution 61/89, which requested that the UN Secretary-General seek the views of UN member states on the feasibility, scope, and draft parameters for a "comprehensive, legally binding instrument establishing common international standards for the import, export and transfer of conventional arms", and submit a report on the subject to the General Assembly. Meetings and deadlines. [27][28][29] These advocates point to the UN General Assembly resolution starting the process on the ATT. [6] On 2 April 2013, the UN General Assembly adopted the ATT. It entered into force on 4th December 2014. ", Opposition to the ATT can be broken down into state opposition and civil society opposition. [13] Duncan was speaking on behalf of the co-authors (Argentina, Australia, Costa Rica, Finland, France, Japan, and Kenya). For example, the most recent draft treaty includes export/import controls that would require officials in an importing country to collect information on the "end user" of a firearm, keep the information for 20 years, and provide the information to the country from which the gun was exported. The Arms Trade Treaty, which aims at regulating the trade of conventional arms and cracking down on illicit arms transfers, was adopted by the UN General Assembly on April 2, 2013, and entered into force on December 24, 2014. It must: NGOs are also advocating that the ATT must reinforce existing responsibilities to assist survivors of armed violence, as well as identify new avenues to address suffering and trauma. "[12]:90 The authors go on to elaborate that, "For most developing or fragile states, a combination of weak domestic regulation of authorised firearms possession with theft, loss or corrupt sale from official holdings tends to be a bigger source of weapons concern than illicit trafficking across borders.

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