Sir Francis Drake was a leading privateer and responsible for leading several expeditions into the New World in the late 1560s and 1570s. By the end of Elizabeth’s reign, the navy was also playing an important role in settling up an English colony in North America. Elizabeth seized the gold which angered King Phillip and in response, he seized English ships that were in Antwerp. Created: Oct 3, 2017| Updated: Jun 27, 2019. Therefore, it was clearly Mary's position as a Catholic that was the main reason that Mary was a threat to Elizabeth's reign. English canons could also be reloaded more quickly than the Spanish ones allowing them to inflict greater damage. The rest of the Spanish fleet was forced to sail away from the French coast and into the North Sea with the English fleet on their trail. This risked provoking King Phillip further and to avoid this, Elizabeth forced Dudley to resign his position immediately. The most important reason however was a combination of Mary’s arrival and the Pope’s interference. Ridolfi’s plan was to make Mary queen by first assassinating Elizabeth and then marrying Mary to the Duke of Norfolk. Many of the rebel troops deserted while the two Earls fled to Scotland. The harsh weather conditions made it impossible for the Spanish fleet to return to the Channel after the battle of Gravelines. Mary's faith also increased foreign threats to Elizabeth's reign. After receiving feedback pupils will then watch a short video clip where they will be further asked to identify other reasons why Mary was a threat to Elizabeth. On November 1569, the Earls managed to capture Durham and proceeded to celebrate Catholic Mass in the Cathedral before marching south in the direction of Tutbury, Derbyshire where Mary was imprisoned. Why was the Revolt of the Northern Earl’s a Serious Threat to Elizabeth? Pupils will then use this information to describe two feature of Mary’s threat to Elizabeth. What he meant by this was he had inflicted significant temporary damage on the Spanish Armada and it would regrow in time’. For two weeks of the second half of November, Catholic mass was heard at Durham Cathedral too (with all evidence of Protestantism destroyed). Decision making activity. The English also had better tactics that were more effective. They were not able to do this because the English used their greater manoeuvrability to stay out of range while firing broadsides (massive barrages of cannonballs) that could sink the Spanish ships. This time, however, the evidence gathered by Walsingham was enough to persuade Elizabeth to put Mary on trial. The defeat of the Northern Earls showed there was little appetite for a Catholic revolution. Spain depended on large ships which were heavy and difficult to handle whereas the English built long, narrow ships that were faster and easier to handle. ‘The raid on Cadiz was a good strategic move by the English and not only weakened the Spanish, but strengthened the English. This forced the Spanish fleet to travel into the dangerous waters off the Scottish and Irish coasts. The victory over the Spanish was not just a military success for England, but it also helped to strengthen Elizabeth’s rule over the country. When Elizabeth became Queen in 1558 on the death of her half-sister Mary, England had a decent relationship with Spain. Instead, her goal was to ensure freedom of worship for Dutch Protestants and protect Englands Military, commercial and strategic interests listed above”. Moreover, the brazenness of these revolts was further helped by the blessing of the Pope, whose directives on recusancy and overthrowing Elizabeth were obeyed by many Catholics both domestically and internationally. In 1581, Protestant rebels in the Netherlands declared independence from Spain and established a Dutch republic. (Edexcel 1-9). A number of Catholic plots to remove Elizabeth in the 1570s and 1580s had his involvement although he was reluctant and half-hearted in their execution. [This last point is important and often students don’t embrace the anomalies for fear that it will undermine their argument. The first question to ask yourself when revising for GCSE psychology is which exam board am I studying? Pupils are then informed about the reasons which led Mary to flee to England. There are many reasons for this, including interference in English affairs from the Pope, Elizabeth’s role in the Dutch revolt (which angered Catholic Spain), Mary Queen of Scots’ arrival in England in 1568 and the rebellion in 1569 that was led by the Catholic Earls Northumberland and Westmoreland. Pupils will then use this information to describe two feature of Mary’s threat to Elizabeth. Boston House, He then banned English trade with the Netherlands for a period of time which damaged Englands economy and caused much hardship for the English people”. Good explanation and link back to the question here at the end of the paragraph.].

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