Then, in 1799, he met Joseph Farington, whetting his appetite even further and entered the Royal Academy Schools. He struggled to make ends meet during his lifetime, but today he is recognized as a vital link in the evolution toward impressionism. Constable's wife Maria, had been a weak child, and ill health plagued her for most of her life. Unable to find buyers or commissions for his landscapes, he turned to portraiture to supplement his meagre income, and although he produced a number of fine portraits he found the process dull compared to the pleasure he took in landscape painting. Constable was encouraged first by a local amateur and later by his friend Sir George Beaumont, the painter and collector, who advised him to study the watercolors of Thomas Girtin. The Oxford Companion to British History. "Constable, John Here are some facts about John Constable. Painter, photographer Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. John Constable (1776-1837), one of the greatest English landscape painters, represented the naturalistic aspect of romanticism. World Encyclopedia. Born in Suffolk, he is known principally for his landscape paintings of Dedham Vale, the area surrounding his home — now known as "Constable Country" … His father was a corn miller, owning a house and small farm. Preeminent is Graham Reynolds, Constable: The Natural Painter (1965). The Letters of John Constable, R. A., to C. R. Leslie, R. A., 1826-1837, edited by Peter Leslie (1931), contains both the letters, rich in observations on nature and art and illustrating Constable's genius for friendship, and the notes for Constable's critical lectures on the history of landscape painting delivered to the Royal Institution of Great Britain in 1836. Retrieved September 30, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/constable-john. depicts a classic Constable landscape scene in his signature style. He died in 1837 in his studio in Bloomsbury and is buried at Hampstead Parish Church, London. With parents meddling in the affairs of love and eventually forbidding the impending marriage, it was a stressful time for Constable. He made hundreds of outdoor oil sketches, capturing the changing skies and effects of light. The following year he sailed from London to Deal, making drawings of ships in the tradition of the English Thames Estuary school. They made me a painter (& I am gratefull)" (Correspondence, vol. In 1795, he was introduced to Sir George Beaumont, the famous connoisseur. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/constable-john-0, "Constable, John Tied strongly to the Romantic Movement, he embraced the idea of painting directly from nature and introduced scientific detail to his work. The French painter Pierre Auguste Renoir was one of the central figures…, COURBET, GUSTAVE His small sketches of the skies would become interesting studies on the fleeting nature of clouds and how to capture such whimsy with paint. Encyclopedia of World Biography. His calm, deeply poetic response to nature approximated in painting the insights of William Wordsworth in poetry.. John Constable was born in East Bergholt, Suffolk, on June 11, 1776, the son of a well-to-do mill owner. Constable was encouraged first by a local amateur and later by his friend Sir George Beaumont, the painter and collector, who advised him to study the watercolors of Thomas Girtin. This page has been archived and is no longer updated. Salisbury Cathedral from Lower Marsh Close, John Constable, 1829. 1950). The meeting inspired him to pursue art above all else. In March 1828, Maria's father died, and her large inheritance meant that their financial worries were over. "Those scenes," he later wrote to a friend, "made me a painter," and again, "The sound of water escaping from mill-dams, etc., willows, old rotten planks, slimy posts and brickwork, I love such things.". 1950). At the same time, a greater emotio… He would find solace through painting and during this tumultuous time created Boatbuilding, The Stour Valley, and Dedham Villiage using an outdoor easel. ." In 1811 Constable visited Bishop John Fisher and his family in Salisbury, the two had initially met when Fisher was Rector of Langham Church in Essex which was close to East Bergholt. John Constable was born in East Bergholt, Suffolk, on June 11, 1776, the son of a well-to-do mill owner. 6, p. 78). In 1824 three of Constable's oil paintings, including The Hay Wain, were exhibited at the Paris Salon, where they were acclaimed by Eugène Delacroix and other painters and won a gold medal. But landscape had long since begun to rival and challenge history. He started exhibiting at the Royal Academy from 1802. It was shown again, along with two other of his paintings, at the Paris Salon of 1824, where it was awarded a gold medal from Charles X. Indeed it forms a decided feature and its light cannot be put out because it is the light of nature…. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. Activated and authorized by what had already become a tradition of landscape painting, Constable's work reflects both nature and artistic nurture. His family introduced him to Sir George Beaumont, a collector, who showed him Hagar and the Angel (1646) by Claude Lorrain which was an early inspiration for him. The French Impressionists also built on Constable's techniques in capturing the moods of light. Copyright 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved. She suffered from tuberculosis, so they lived in Hampstead in north London, which was thought to be healthier than central London. □. Born in East Bergholt, a village in Suffolk, England, John Constable was the second son of Golding and Ann (née Watts), wealthy corn merchants who owned Flatford Mill in East Bergholt and later Dedham Mill in Essex. He suffered through complete self-doubt and was an extremely driven and ambitious man. "Painting," he wrote, "is a science, and should be considered as an enquiry into the laws of nature." One of the best sources of illustrations, reproducing 597 works, is the Victoria and Albert Museum, Catalogue of the Constable Collection, written by Graham Reynolds (1960). John Constable. ." All that can safely be said is that his break with academic convention made a profound impact and was invoked as a sanction by Delacroix not for imitating the English painter but for greater boldness in his own work. It was where he most enjoyed sketching and painting but their romance wasn’t received well by family members. Read more. Although more successful in France than in England, Constable refused to cross the Channel to promote his work, writing to Francis Darby, a fellow artist and friend, that he "would rather be a poor man in England, than a rich man abroad.". https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/constable-john, "Constable, John She lives in Australia and writes about health, fitness, art, and entertainment while sharing her own stories of transition on her personal blog. Key, John Constable: His Life and Work (1948), is a sound account. Despite his disability Golding Jnr went onto to become a land warden and the two brothers remained close throughout their lives. Out of this period came his first notable work The White Horse which was completed on a 1.2-meter (6.2-foot) canvas. In a rather bittersweet turn of fate, Constable’s father died in 1816. He was given a small allowance and entered the Royal Academy Schools where he studied life drawing and became familiar with the works of the Old Masters.

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